In a stable infant, what is the macronutrient breakdown recommended for parenteral nutrition support?

• A. Protein 2-3 g/kg/day (10-20% kcals), fat < 30% kcals, carbohydrates 45-50%
• B. Protein 1-2 g/kg/day, fat 40-50% kcals, carbohydrates 10-20%
• C. Protein 4-5 g/kg/day, fat 60% kcals, carbohydrates 20-30%
• D. Protein 0.5-1 g/kg/day, fat 50% kcals, carbohydrates 50%

Answer: (A)

In stable infants receiving parenteral nutrition, the protein goal is about 2–3 g/kg/day to support rapid growth and tissue synthesis, which translates to roughly 10–20% of total energy coming from protein. The remaining energy should come mainly from carbohydrates to provide readily available calories for growth, aiming for about 45–50% of total calories from carbohydrates. Fat should make up a smaller portion of total calories, typically less than 30%, to supply essential fatty acids while reducing the risk of lipid overload. This balance ensures adequate nitrogen for growth while delivering sufficient energy predominantly from carbs and a moderate fat load.