In the PN case, which lab value indicates malnutrition risk?

• A. Albumin 4.0 mg/dL
• B. Albumin 2.0 mg/dL
• C. Creatinine 1.0 mg/dL
• D. Urine output adequate

Answer: (B)

A low serum albumin level signals malnutrition risk in patients receiving PN because albumin reflects protein stores in the body; when intake or reserves are depleted, albumin falls. A value around 2.0 (low) indicates depleted protein status and higher risk, making it the strongest indicator among the options. In contrast, a normal albumin value around 4.0 suggests adequate protein status, a creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL mainly reflects renal function rather than nutrition status, and adequate urine output speaks to hydration and kidney function but not directly to malnutrition risk. Remember that albumin can be affected by inflammation as well, but a markedly low value remains a meaningful warning sign for malnutrition risk in PN patients.