One major advantage of human milk over formula.

• A. Nutrients in human milk (fortified or unfortified) are more readily absorbed than nutrients in preterm or term formula
• B. Human milk has higher lactose content
• C. Human milk is calorie-free
• D. Fortification of human milk is unnecessary for human milk

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that human milk delivers nutrients in forms that are highly compatible with an infant’s digestive system, so absorption tends to be more efficient than from formula. Proteins in human milk are predominantly whey, which is digested more readily by infant enzymes and results in softer curds that are easier to break down. Fat in human milk is supplied in emulsified droplets and often with lipase, helping the immature gut digest fats more effectively and extract energy. Lactose not only provides calories but also supports calcium absorption in the gut, boosting mineral uptake. Taken together, these features help nutrients from human milk be absorbed more readily than those from formula, whether the milk is fortified or unfortified, which is particularly relevant for supporting growth in both preterm and term infants.

The other statements aren’t accurate reflections of this advantage: lactose content isn’t inherently higher in human milk to confer this benefit, human milk is not calorie-free, and fortification is frequently necessary for preterm infants to ensure adequate nutrient delivery.