What disease has hyperhomocysteinemia been linked to?

• A. Increased risk for coronary atherosclerosis
• B. Diabetes mellitus
• C. Hypertension
• D. Osteoporosis

Answer: (A)

Elevated homocysteine levels contribute to vascular injury and promote atherosclerotic processes, including endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and a pro-thrombotic state. This makes the risk of coronary artery disease higher, so the disease most linked to hyperhomocysteinemia is coronary atherosclerosis. While research has explored links to other conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and osteoporosis, the strongest and most consistent association is with atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease, particularly in the coronary arteries.