Which of the following is NOT listed as a mortality risk associated with persistent diarrhea?

• A. Acute and chronic undernutrition
• B. Fluid loss and dehydration
• C. Micronutrient deficiencies
• D. Allergic reactions

Answer: (D)

Persistent diarrhea raises mortality risk mainly through fluid losses that cause dehydration, along with problems from poor nutrient absorption that lead to undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. When diarrhea is prolonged, the body loses a large amount of water and electrolytes, which can rapidly become life-threatening if not treated with fluids and minerals. At the same time, ongoing malabsorption and reduced intake contribute to acute and chronic undernutrition, weakening immunity and increasing the risk of fatal infections. Deficiencies in micronutrients like zinc, vitamin A, and iron further worsen health outcomes and can raise mortality risk by impairing barrier function and immune response. Allergic reactions are not a typical or direct mortality risk linked to persistent diarrhea; they represent a separate immune response and aren’t a standard consequence of the diarrheal illness itself. Therefore, the option describing allergic reactions is not part of the mortality risks commonly associated with persistent diarrhea.