Which of the following is a documented complication of persistent diarrhea?

• A. Micronutrient deficiencies
• B. Hypertension
• C. Headache
• D. Osteoporosis

Answer: (A)

Persistent diarrhea disrupts both the absorption and the loss of nutrients, leading to deficiencies in vitamins and minerals over time. When stool losses are ongoing, the body cannot maintain adequate levels of micronutrients such as zinc, iron, vitamin A, and folate, among others. These deficiencies are a well-documented complication and can contribute to immune dysfunction, anemia, poor growth, and impaired overall health, especially in vulnerable populations like children and malnourished patients.

Hypertension, headaches, and osteoporosis are not primary, consistently documented complications of persistent diarrhea. Dehydration and electrolyte disturbances can occur, but the most clearly established nutritional complication is micronutrient deficiency due to continued loss and malabsorption.