Which of the following is a potential complication of central venous access for parenteral nutrition in pregnancy, as listed in the material?

• A. Pneumothorax
• B. Hypertension
• C. Hyperglycemia only
• D. Anemia

Answer: (A)

When placing a central venous catheter for parenteral nutrition, the most immediate and recognizable risk is a mechanical injury to the chest from the needle or catheter, leading to a pneumothorax. This happens when the lung or pleural space is inadvertently punctured during cannulation of central veins such as the subclavian or internal jugular, allowing air to enter the pleural space and cause lung collapse. In pregnancy, this risk remains relevant because the procedure and anatomy involved are similar, and prompt recognition and management are essential. Hypertension isn’t a direct outcome of the access procedure, and hyperglycemia is a metabolic issue related to the parenteral nutrition solution rather than a procedural complication, with anemia not typically arising from catheter placement.