Which oils are included in commercial enteral formulas to provide a high supply of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids?

• A. Corn, olive, safflower and canola oils
• B. Corn, soybean, safflower and canola oils
• C. Coconut, olive, palm and canola oils
• D. Coconut, soybean, safflower and canola oils

Answer: (B)

Essential fatty acids linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) must come from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them. In enteral formulas, you want fats that supply these nutrients efficiently. Oils rich in saturated fats, like coconut and palm, contribute little LA or ALA. Olive oil is high in oleic acid (a monounsaturated fat) and provides only small amounts of LA/ALA. In contrast, corn, soybean, safflower, and canola oils are high in polyunsaturated fats: safflower and corn are especially rich in LA, while canola oil provides a balance of LA and a significant amount of ALA, with soybean contributing LA as well. Using this mix ensures a high supply of both essential fatty acids in the formula.