Which statement about Vitamin K in parenteral nutrition is true?

• A. Vitamin K is not included in PN products
• B. Vitamin K is present in both adult multivitamin formulations and lipid emulsions
• C. Vitamin K is present only in lipid emulsions
• D. Vitamin K is present only in adult multivitamin formulations

Answer: (B)

Vitamin K in parenteral nutrition is provided because it is a fat-soluble vitamin required for proper coagulation. In PN, fat-soluble vitamins are delivered with the lipid component and/or included in a dedicated multivitamin formulation. Therefore, vitamin K is typically present in both the lipid emulsion (as part of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K) and in adult multivitamin formulations used with PN. This dual provision ensures adequate intake unless there’s a specific reason to adjust or avoid vitamin K, such as anticoagulant therapy. The other statements aren’t correct because vitamin K is indeed included in PN products, and it is not exclusive to either lipid emulsions or multivitamins alone.