Which statement is true regarding maintaining sterility when using human milk for neonatal enteral feeding?

• A. Feeding systems may be reused after 12 hours
• B. Feeding systems should never be reused and should not be used for more than 4 hours
• C. Feeding systems can be reused indefinitely if cleaned
• D. Feeding systems should be disinfected daily and reused

Answer: (B)

Preventing contamination hinges on limiting exposure time and avoiding reuse of feeding equipment. Human milk provides rich nutrients that can support bacterial growth, and neonates—especially preterm infants—have immature immune defenses, so any contamination in the feeding system can quickly lead to infection. Therefore feeding systems should not be reused and should only be used for a short, defined period, typically up to about 4 hours, before being discarded. Simply cleaning or disinfecting after use does not reliably restore sterility, and routine reuse increases the risk of introducing pathogens. More prolonged or indefinite reuse, even with cleaning, is not safe for protecting neonates from sepsis or NEC.